The Step-by-Step Employment Drug Testing Process

Review the step-by-step employment drug testing process. Find out how drug testing works in background screening for employment.

How does the employment drug testing process work?

Employment drug testing follows a structured process designed to ensure accuracy, confidentiality, and regulatory compliance. It begins when an employer orders a test and concludes when verified results are reported. This article explains how the process works, how long it takes, and how to handle applicant disputes.

Key Takeaways

• Employment drug screening is a common compliance requirement in many industries.

• Drug testing clinics are widely available across the U.S., contributing to fast completion rates.

• Applicants retain the right to dispute drug tests but must act fast to do so.

What happens after an employer orders a drug test?

After an employer orders a traditional lab-based drug test, candidates are scheduled for an appointment to provide a sample for testing. Samples are collected, analyzed, and reviewed before results are reported. Here’s more information on each step:

Candidate Scheduling

The applicant or employee receives instructions on the testing process, the collection site, and the required deadlines. They must schedule a test within the given timeframe and arrive at the site for collection.

Testing Sample Collection

Specialists at the collection site obtain the sample for analysis. Chain-of-custody procedures are used to document handling and help ensure accurate, reliable results.

Laboratory Analysis

The sample is analyzed by a certified laboratory technician. Before results are available, they are often verified by a Medical Review Officer (MRO). Many laboratories also perform confirmatory testing when an initial screening yields a potentially non-negative result.

Medical Review Officer Review

If a non-negative result is identified, an MRO reviews the findings and may contact the donor to determine whether a legitimate medical explanation exists. Following this review, the results are transmitted to the background check provider for inclusion in an applicant’s report.

How long does employment drug testing take?

Internal data suggests that most employment drug testing is completed within a few business days. However, turnaround times can vary depending on applicant scheduling, testing method used, and whether additional review or processing is required.

How are drug testing results reported to employers?

Drug testing results are typically reported to employers within their background screening platform. Details may be reported using designations like Positive, Negative, or Abnormal, but can vary between testing providers.

Can applicants dispute drug test results?

In some circumstances, applicants may be able to dispute drug test results by providing additional medical information, discussing the findings with a Medical Review Officer, or requesting further review of the testing process.